Meta kont iżgħar, fil bidu tad-disgħinjiet, missieri kien jeħodoni nistad, l-iktar fis-sajf meta kien jaqbillek tqatta’ lejl barra milli ġewwa, b’xi fann ivenven bil-lejl jissielet mas-sħana u n-nuqqas t’arja. L-imrejkba kienet il-favorita ta’ missieri, imma l-iktar li kont nieħu pjacir kien meta mmorru bil-qasba għall-kaħli, għax kien jiġi in-nannu magħna. Kienet avventura kbira għalija, bħal meta kien jeħodni nonsob filgħodu kmieni. L-istess konna nitilqu mid-dar, u nsuqu għal xi għoxrin minuta. Il-bogħod mill-bini, lejn il-majjistral tal-gżira ta’ Malta. F’nofs ta’ triq konna niġbru lin-nannu Frans (missier missieri). Bniedem ta’ ftit kliem. Id-differenza kienet li biex nistadu għall-għasafar konna nitilqu qabel jisbaħ, imma biex nistadu għall-kaħli konna nitilqu qabel jidlam, tard wara nofsinhar.
Kien ikollna ninżlu mal-irdum, xi mixja ta’ nofs siegħa, u peress li kont żgħir, kollox jien jidher ikbar u iktar diffiċli. Dik kienet avventura sħiħa għalija. Meta naslu fuq il-post, filwaqt li n-nannu kien jintefa’ jarma l-qasab, missieri kien jeħodni biex naqbdu d-dud ta’ fejn il-baħar. Bl-ixkupa tal-idejn u l-pala konna nimlew kemm ikun hemm bżonn. Illum dan id-dud qisu qed jisparixxi bil-mod il-mod. Qabel kien ikun hemm sħab minnu max-xtut, speċjalment fejn dak il-blat li jniggeż ma’ tarf il-baħar. Dan id-dud hemm jgħix, fejn il-baħar imiss mal-art. Ma nafx hux vera dudu jew inkella insett, għax għandu s-saqajn u l-antenni, imma missieri dejjem dud tal-baħar qalli li hu, u jien drajt bl-istess kelma. In-nannu kien ikun jagħlef biex jara jitlax il-kaħli (li kważi dejjem kien jitla’ għax il-post kien tajjeb). Tarah ifawwar fil-wicc jaħtaf il-ħobz.
Niftakar lil missieri jgħallimni kif insannar dak id-dud – iddaħħallu is-sunnara minn sormu u toħroġhielu minn rasu.
Iddaħħallu is-sunnara minn sormu u toħroġhielu minn rasu. Dan id-dud forsi ikun kbir ċentimetru. Konna nagħżlu l-kbar, u liż-żgħar nitilquhom. Niftakar sew li sakemm isibu s-sunnara fid-dlam, missieri u n-nannu kienu jitfgħu d-dudu bejn xofftejhom biex ma jaħrabx u fl-istess ħin ma jitgħaffiġx. Illum, meta naħseb jew ngħidha lil xi ħadd, din li konna insannru d-dud ħaj tinstema’ ħarxa…
Il-ħut jagħmel ħafna għall dan id-dud, u kont taqbad żgur – jekk mhux kaħli, għallinqas vopi. Dejjem imlejt barmil sakemm ma nkunx spiċċajt inħabbel ix-xolof kollha li konna nġibu magħna f’għoqda waħda. Ix-xlief tal-vopi u tal-kaħli kien ikun fin ħafna, u l-ebda wieħed mill-kbar ma kien ikun irid jitlaq min idejh biex jagħmilli ieħor. Fid-dlam dan xorta kien kważi impossibli, u kont nirrabjahom meta nagħmel hekk. Allura qabel ma ġie ż-żmien li tgħallimt norbot u ngħamel is-snanar u xlief, sikwit kont nispiċċa niċċassa lejn il-qamar u l-istilel, b’elf mistoqsija fuq il-qamar, l-istilel, il-baħar, il-ħut u d-dud.
Għalfejn il-ħut iħobb il-ħobż? Fil-baħar m’hemmx ħobż. Għalfejn il-ħut iħobb id-dud? Id-dud jgħum fil-baħar jew jegħreq? Għalfejn iċ-ċief jgħajjat bħat-trabi bil-lejl? U għalfejn jgħajjat meta jitla’ l-qamar? Għalfejn il-qamar jitla’ mill-baħar? Minn fejn ġej ir-riħ? Min jagħmlu r-riħ? U l-mewġ? In-nannu kien raġel kwiet u ta’ ftit kliem, allura ma tantx kien jgħidli xorti, u dejjem kien imur fuq il-ponta għalih waħdu, imma missieri għallimni dak kollu li kien jaf. Meta kont insaqsih: imma kif taf dan kollu? Dejjem kien iwieġeb l-istess. Għax naf! Għax hekk hu!
Illum il-ġurnata, li tgħallem tifel isannar dudu b’dak il-mod hija kkunsidrata moħqrija għall-annimali u esperjenza krudili li tfal kapaċi jesperjenzaw. Wisq probabbli ħafna nies jiddarsu. Imma dan id-dud illum ma ssibux bil-gzuz bħal qabel, u bil-mod il-mod qed jisparixxi. Il-moħqrija qed issir b’għemil il-bniedem; mhux bis-sunnara, iżda bit-tniġġis tal-arja, baħar u ilma. Minħabba dak li qed jibni l-bniedem bla rażan. Missieri għandu rabta kbira man-natura, u billi ħuta tiekol duda jew ħuta oħra, jew billi l-mewġ ikisser u jfarrak u l-għarar jgħerreq, ma jfissirx li dan huwa frott il-ħazen, imma hija kif inhi mfassla n-natura. Il-ħażen il-bniedem biss jaf jagħmlu.
Bdejt naħseb min seta’ kien l-ewwel wieħed li ħareġ b’din l-idea li tistad għall-kaħli b’dan id-dudu. Naħseb ikollna immorru nżuru iż-żmien fejn il-Gżejjer ma tantx kellhom riżorsi tal-ikel minħabba li ħamrija ma tantx kien hemm, u kienu wisq żgħar biex jitrawwmu l-annimali. Allura raw kif għamlu u tgħallmu kif jaqbdu il-ħut u t-tajr li jpassi. Illum dak il-ġuħ mhux qed inbatuh. Mid-disgħinijiet il-quddiem fetħu s-supermarkets, bdejna nimpurtaw kull tip ta’ ikel u xorb, u mxejna l-quddiem. Imma forsi illum inbatu ġuħ ieħor. Ġuħ modern. Ġuħ għall-arja friska u safja, ġuħ għall-kwiet u s-serħan tal-moħħ.
Forsi għalhekk meta kbirt ħassejt il-ħtieġa li nibda’ niġbor dak l-għarfien li ma sibtx fil-kotba – minbarra xi eċċezzjoni l’hawn u l’hemm li maż-żmien telgħu f’wiċċ l-ilma, bħall MALTESE METEOROLOGICAL AND AGRICULTURAL PROVERBS ta’ .J. AQUILINA li jeżisti bħalha PDF fuq il-kompjuter u iservi bħala referenza għal dak li niġbor min-nies.
Meta il-qamar ikollu l-Għalqa, lesti biex tisma’ xi għarqa, ‘When the moon has a halo round it, be prepared for news of someone drowning’. Theophrasris (ibid. 31) writes: ‘ A halo about the moon signifies wind more certainly than a halo about the sun but in either case, if there is a break in the halo, it indicated winds, which will come from the quarter in which the break is’ Also Arabic proverb القمر دارة الدني قطارة حوالي ‘There is a circle (halo) around the moon, Rain is coming’ (Frayha, No, 1486), Eng ‘When round the moon there is a brugh, the weather will be cold and rough (Lean)
Ma nistax ma naħsibx kif dan l-iżvilupp, u l-kumdita li waslet miegħu, imbuttawna il-bogħod min-Natura. Issa ma kellniex għalfejn inqattgħu lejl barra fis-sajf minħabba s-sħana. Ivvintajna l-ACs. Illum it-tfal ma ngħallmuhomx insannru d-dud biex jaqbdu ħuta, u ftit huma dawk li joqogħdu lejl sħiħ jiċċassaw lejn is-sema. Bil-mod il-mod spiċċajna mdawrin bil-konkos u l-briks, u n-Natura narawha fuq monitors mill-kumdita’ ta’ darna f’dokumentarju ta’ David Attenborourgh, mingħajr ma mmissuha u mingħajr ma nkunu fiha. Illum id-distanza bejnietna u bejn in-Natura tant kibret li problemi bħall-bidla fil-klima ma narawhiex problema tagħna. Narawha l-bogħod minna u mhux tagħna. Il-Klima bħall-arja m’hijiex xi ħaġa tanġibbli li tista’ tmiss b’idejk u tara b’għajnejk. Allura iktar tikber din id-distanza, u iktar nitbiegħdu min-natura. Narawha moħqrija li ssannar id-dud biex taqbad kaħlija, imma kif id-dud u l-gambli sparrixxaw minn xtutna ma nafux, u sikwit tismagħhom jgħidu: mhux minħabba il-bini? Imma qisu dan il-bini sar iktar bżonnjuż mill-arja jew mill-baħar ta’ madwarna.
Dan l-għarfien huwa l-wirt intanġibbli li għandna nsalvaw flimkien mal-ftira biż-żejtftira biż-żejt għall-ġejjieni. Filwaqt li l-ftira tajba għal żaqqna, dan l-għarfien jaf ikun ta’ ġid għal kif titfassal il-politka tal-Gżejjer u kif inħarsu lejn l-ekoloġija fejn in-nassab, il-bidwi u s-sajjied ikollhom vuċi flimkien ma-xjentist, l-akkademiku u il-politikant. In-natura tal-bniedem (jew il-ħażen li l-bniedem biss kapaci joħloq) taf tifgana lkoll kemm aħna.
“…jien is-soltu nħares lejn il-qamar. Għax il-qamar, meta jkun ġej maltemp ikollu l-qiegħa. Jekk ikun ġej ftit ikollu ftit. Mhux ikun ċar bħal ma hija l-bozza imma jkollu qiegħa miegħu. Sinjali li jkun hemm xi riħ. Imma dan kellu qiegħa imma jien peress li kont flgħaxija għall-għasafar, mort u ma ħaristx ’l hemm. Li niżel… mhux taqtir niżel. Qisu bil-bramel. Però kien hemm tmien trombi fuq il-baħar. Ngħidulhom ‘bżieżel tal-ajru’. Beżżul meta tkun sħaba u tniżżilha hekk.”
Ġorg Mifsud, magħruf bħala Ġorg ix- xemx, 80 sena kien jgħix l-Għarb fil-gżira t’Għawdex. Qabel ma irtira kien infermier l-isptar Għawdex. Intervistat 2015 Il-Warda tar-Riħ
The Moon
When I was younger, in the early 90s, my father would take me fishing, mostly in the summer when you’d be better off spending a night outdoors rather than indoors, with some ventilator whirring in the night, struggling against the stifling heat. My father’s favourite was the imrekjba (A triangular raft made from reeds with a little pole stuck in its middle having a sail attached to it, which serves to drive the raft (with a long line of fishhooks attached to) a long way out from the shore), but the most fun I had was when we would go line-fishing for saddled bream because grandpa would come along. It was an adventure for me, like when he would take me trapping early in the morning. In the same way, we would leave the house and drive for around twenty minutes. Far away from the buildings, toward the island’s north-west. On our way there, we’d pick up Grandpa Frans (my father’s father). A man of few words. The only difference between the journeys was that to fish for birds, we would leave before dawn, but to fish for saddled bream we would leave before dusk, late in the afternoon.
We would have to descend the cliffs, walking for around half an hour, and since I was young, everything seemed larger and more difficult. It was a whole adventure. Once we’d reach the site, grandpa would begin setting up the fishing rods, while my father would bring me along to catch the worms from the seaside. With a hand broom and dustpan, we would collect as many as needed. Nowadays, these worms seem to be gradually disappearing. Before, there would be swarms of them along the coast, particularly on those sharp rocks at the water’s edge. These worms live there, where the sea meets the land. I don’t know if they are actually worms or rather insects, since they have legs and antennae, but my father always told me they were worms of the sea, and I became used to the same word. Grandpa would be feeding the saddled bream to see if they would come (which it almost always did, because the site was a good one). You would see it frothing at the surface, snatching at the bread.
I remember my father teaching me how to hook the worm – you put the hook into its ass and pull it out of its head.
You put the hook through its ass and pull it out of its head. These worms are around a centimetre long. We would choose the bigger ones, and let the small ones go. I clearly remember that while looking for the fishing hook in the dark, my father and grandpa would place the worm between their lips, to keep it from escaping and avoid squashing it. Nowadays, when I think about it or explain it to someone, this act of hooking the worm sounds harsh…
The fish are really attracted to this worm, and you would definitely catch something – if not saddled bream, at least bogue. I would always fill up a bucket, unless I would have tangled up all the fishing lines, which we would have brought, into one big knot. The line for bogue and saddled bream would be very fine, and neither adult would want to stop his doing to make me another one. In the dark, this was nearly impossible anyway, and I would make them angry when I did this. So until the time came when I learnt how to tie the hooks and line, I often ended up staring at the moon and stars, thinking a thousand questions about the moon, stars, sea, fish and worms.
Why do fish love bread? There is no bread in the sea. Why do fish love worms? Do the worms swim in the sea, or do they drown? Why do shearwater cry like infants in the night? And why do they cry after the moonrise? Why does the moon rise from the sea? Where does the wind come from? Who makes the wind? And the waves? My grandfather was a quiet man who did not tell me much, and he would always go to the cliff’s edge on his own, but my father taught me everything he knew. Whenever I’d ask him: but how do you know all this? He would always reply in the same way. Because I know! Because that’s how it is!
Nowadays, to teach a boy to hook a worm in that manner would be considered a cruel act towards the animal, and a cruel experience for the child. It would probably set a lot of people’s teeth on edge. But these worms can’t be found in masses like they used to be, and they are slowly disappearing. Cruelty is occurring with the actions of people; not with the fishing hook, but with the pollution of air, sea and water. Because of unbridled construction brought about by man. My father has a strong bond with nature; a fish eating a worm or another fish, or a wave breaking and crumbling and a flood drowning, are not acts of evil, but simply nature’s design. Only man could do evil.
I started wondering about who could have been the first one to come up with this idea of fishing for saddled bream using this worm. I think we would have to revisit the time when the island did not possess food resources as there was not so much soil or space to rear livestock. So people had to improvise, and they learnt how to catch fish and migratory birds. Nowadays, this hunger is no longer present. From the 90s onward, supermarkets opened, importing all kinds of food and drink, and we progressed. But we might be suffering from another hunger. A modern hunger. A hunger for fresh and pure air; a hunger for the quiet and peace of mind.
Maybe this is why, as I grew older, I felt the need to start collecting the wisdom that I could not find in books – with some exceptions here and there which, with time, rose to the surface, like MALTESE METEOROLOGICAL AND AGRICULTURAL PROVERBS by J. AQUILINA which exists as a PDF on my computer and serves as a reference for that which I collect verbally from others.
Meta il-qamar ikollu l-Għalqa, lesti biex tisma’ xi għarqa, ‘When the moon has a halo round it, be prepared for news of someone drowning’. Theophrasris (ibid. 31) writes: ‘ A halo about the moon signifies wind more certainly than a halo about the sun but in either case, if there is a break in the halo, it indicated winds, which will come from the quarter in which the break is’ Also Arabic proverb القمر دارة الدني قطارة حوالي ‘There is a circle (halo) around the moon, Rain is coming’ (Frayha, No, 1486), Eng ‘When round the moon there is a brugh, the weather will be cold and rough (Lean)
I can’t help but think how these developments, and the comfort that came along, have pushed us away from Nature. Now, we no longer had to spend our summer nights outside because of the heat. We invented air conditioning. These days, we don’t teach children to hook a worm so as to catch a fish, and only a few of us spend a night staring at the sky. Slowly, we found ourselves surrounded by concrete and bricks, and we look at Nature on monitors from the comfort of our homes, in a David Attenborough documentary, without coming into contact or being within it. Nowadays, the distance between us and Nature has grown so much that problems like climate change are not seen as our problem; nature is distant, not ours at all. Climate, like air, is not something tangible that can be felt with our hands or seen with our eyes. So this distance keeps growing, and we keep moving further and further away from nature. Hooking a worm to catch a saddled bream is considered cruel, but how the worms and shrimps vanished from our coast remains unknown, and you often hear it being said: it’s because of all the building, isn’t it? But these buildings seem to have become more necessary than air or the sea that surrounds us.
This knowledge is the intangible heritage that we should be saving together with the ftira biż-żejt, for the future. Just like the ftira is good for our bellies, this knowledge could improve the formation of this Islands’ politics, enabling us to consider an environment where the trapper, farmer, and fisherman have a voice alongside the scientist, academic and politician. The nature of humanity (or the harm that only a human is capable of creating) could suffocate us all.
“I usually look at the moon. Because the moon, when a storm is coming, has a halo. If a small storm is coming, the halo would be thin. It would not be as clear as a lightbulb, but it would have a halo. That’s a sign of some wind… There was a halo, but since I was going at night for the birds, I didn’t look that way. And it came down… not in drops, but in buckets. But there were eight tornados on the sea. We call them ‘bżieżel’ of the air. ‘Beżżul’ is when a cloud is brought down like that.
Ġorġ Mifsud, known as Ġorġ ix-xemx (en. the Sun), 80 years old, in Għarb, Gozo. Until his retirement, he was a nurse at the Gozo General Hospital. Interviewed in 2015 for The Windrose Project